自学考试《现代语言学》模拟试题及答案2017

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　　Ⅰiple Choice

Directions:Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A,B,C or D in the brackets.(2%×10=20%)

pair of words “lend”and “borrow”are ___.( )

able opposites tional opposites -hyponyms nyms

discovery of Indo-European language family began with the work of the British scholar .( )

b Grimm us Rask z Bopp William Jones

3.A linguist regards the changes in language and language use as __.( )

ual thing to be feared rmal ral

4.__produce fast and fluent speech with good intonation and pronunciation but the content of their speech ranges from mildly inappropriate to complete nonsense,often as unintelligible.( )

a's aphasic linguistic deprivation damage on the angular gyrus icke's aphasic

Southern learners of English in China tend to say “night” as “light” shows: .( )

cannot pronounce/n/

rlangue interference because there is notthe sound /n/in their mother tongue

teachers do not have a good teaching method

do not like to pronounce nasal sounds

6.A word with several meanings is called __word.( )

A.a polysemous B.a synonymous abnormal D.a multiple

function of the sentence “A nice day, isn't it?”is __.( )

rmative ic ctive ormative

most recognizable differences between American English and British English are in __ and vocabulary.( )

e mar unciation cture

9.__deals with the way in which a language varies through geographical space.( )

uistic geography cology cography olinguistics

semantic components of the word “gentleman” can be expressed as __.( )

A.+animate,+male,+human,-adult

B.+animate,+male,+human,+adult

C.+animate,-male,+human,-adult

D.+animate,-male,+human,+adult

　　Ⅱk Filling

Directions:Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word,the first letter of which is already given as a that you are to fill in ONE word only,and you are not allowed to change the letter given.(1%×10=10%)

11.A sentence is a structurally independent unit that usually comprises a number of w________ to form a complete statement,q________or command.

sociolinguistic studies,speakers are treated as members of s__g________.

rance is based on ________ ________ ;it is the realization of the abstract meaning of a sentence in a real situation of communication,or simply in a context.

many people,a linguist is the same as a ________,one who can speak several languages fluently.

onant sounds can be either v ________or v__,while all vowel sounds are v________.

　　Ⅲ of False question

Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in front of each statement. I (2%×10=20%)

words may be said to contain a root morpheme.( )

e and reference are two terms often encountered in the study of meaning.( )

uistics is the course of language.( )

part of a sentence which compriese comprises an infinite verb or a verb phrase is grammatically called predicate.( )

orical linguistics equals to the study of synchronic study.( )

term dialect,as a technical term in linguistics,carries value judgement and not simply refers to a distinct form of language.( )

hology is translated as 形态学。( )

word “photographically” is made up of 4 morphemes.( )

smallest meaningful unit of language is allomorph.( )

ntics is the main part of linguistics.( )

　　Ⅳnition

Directions: Explain the following terms, using one or two examples if necessary.

(3%×10=30%)

ral asegmental and archical ng theory and conceptualist ms of quality and ocal speech

rastive analysis

　　Ⅴer the following questions.(10%×2=20%)

phrase each of the following sentences in two different ways to show the syntactic rules account for the ambiguity of sentences.

(1)The shooting of the hunters might be terrible.

(2)He saw young men and women present.

(3)They were surprised at the president's appointment.

de the meaning of the following affixes and give each affix two examples.

re- un- anti- super- -wise -itis -ize -age

　　>>参考答案<<

　　一、单项选择题(每小题2分，共20分)

1.B 2.D 3.D 4.D 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.B

　　二、填空题(每空1分，共10分)

s question al ence eless voiced voiced

　　三、判断题(每小题2分，共20分)

16.T 17.F(Sense and reference…) 18.F(scientific study of language) 19.F(finite verb…) 20.F(diachronic) 21.F(no value judgement) 22.T 23.T 24.F(morpheme) 25.F(one of the parts)

　　四、名词解释(每小题3分，共30分)

study of language as a whole is often called general linguistics.

phonemic features that occur above the level of the segments.

base form of a word;the existing form to which a derivational affix can be added.

sentence structure that groups words into structural constituents and shows the syntactic categories of each structural constituent,such as NP and VP.

words of a language are labels of the objects they stand for;a linguistic form is linked through concepts to what it refers to.

not say what you believe to be false or without adequate evident;Avoid obscurity of expression and ambiguity,be brief and orderly.

32.A process of forming a new word by combining parts of other words.

33.A variety of languages used by a social class.

ght when it is close to language.

35.A comparative procedure to establish linguistic differences between languages for teaching purposes.

　　五、论述题(每小题10分，共20分)

36.(1)the hunters are shooting;the hunters are shot;

(2)young men and young women;young men and (not young) women

(3)the president appoints others;the president is appointed.

-:again,pe,reorganize

un-:not,reverse,ppy,unlock