【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。
请看下面的题目，where 是引导什么从句?
When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _________ you have any questions.
A. at which B. at where C. the place where D. where
【分析】此题正确答案选D，where 在此意为“在……的地方”，用以引导地点状语从句，全句意为“当你读这本书时，你最好在有问题的地方作一个记号”。但是有的同学却根据试题所提供的选项想当然认为这是一道考查定语从句关系词的选择与辨析的试题，于是在A、B、C三项中绞尽脑汁，当然最终不可能得出正确答案。请做以下试题，看看是考查定语从句还是状语从句：
(1) She found her wallet _________ she lost it.
A. where B. when C. in which D. that
答案选A，where 意为“在……的地方”，引导地点状语从句。
(2) The school was built _________ there had once been a church.
A. where B. when C. in which D. that
答案选A，where 意为“在……的地方”，引导地点状语从句。
(3) You should let your children play _________ you can see them.
A. where B. when C. in which D. that
答案选A，where 意为“在……的地方”，引导地点状语从句。
(4) Now he works in the factory _________ his father used to work.
A. where B. when C. in which D. that
答案选A，where引导定语从句，表示地点。
(5) You should make it a rule to leave things _________ you can find them again.
A. when B. where C. then D. there
答案选B，where 意为“在……的.地方”，引导地点状语从句。
(6) After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town _________ he grew up as a child.
A. where B. when C. in which D. that
答案选A，where引导定语从句，表示地点。
比较以下两句，含义大致相同，但where 的用法不同：第一句中 where 引导的是状语从句，第二句引导的是定语从句：
We’ll go where working conditions are difficult. 我们要去工作条件艰苦的地方。
We’ll go to the place where working conditions are difficult. 我们要去工作条件艰苦的地方。
为了简洁起见，有的状语从句(如时间状语从句、条件状语从句、方式状语从句等)有时可省略从句的主语和部分谓语(尤其是当从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语包括有动词be时)：
She fell asleep while (he was) doing his homework.
他在做作业时睡着了。
While (he was) doing so, he trembled a little.
他这样做时稍稍颤抖了一下。
He opened his mouth as if (he was) to speak.
他张开口，好像要说话似的。
Often she would weep when (she was) alone.
她一个人时，常常哭泣。
I’d like to see you whenever (it’s) convenient.
在你方便的时候我想来看看你。
If (you are) traveling north，you must change at Leeds.
如果你是向北行，你必须在里兹换车。
【注】有些由if构成的省略结构，已属固定短语，如if any, if necessary, if possible, if not, if so：
There are few, if any, mistakes in that book.
那本书就是有错误也不多。
If necessary, ring me at home.
如果必要，可以打电话到我家找我。
If possible, I wish to go there next summer.
如果可能，我希望明年夏天去。
He may be busy. If so, I’ll call later. If not, can I see him now?
他可能很忙，要是这样，我以后再来拜访。要是不忙，我现在可以见他吗?
省略句知识点总结：分词作状语的主要用法
1. 表时间
Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off. 见到猫，老鼠就跑了。
The work finished, he went home. 工作做完后，他就回家了。
2. 表原因
Being very weak, she couldn't move. 她由于身体虚弱而不能行动。
His car broken down, he had to walk. 他的车坏了，所以只好走路。
3. 表条件
United, we stand; divided, we fall. 团结则存，分裂则亡。
Given more time, we could have done it better. 如果多给点时间，我们可以做得更好。
Working hard, you will succeed. 如果努力工作，你就可以成功。
Adding them all up, we can find the answer. 如果把它们加起来，我们就可以得到答案。
4. 表让步
Although living miles away, he attended the course. 虽然住在几英里以外，他仍去上课。
Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 虽然被击败了，他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。
5. 表方式
He earns a living driving a truck. 他靠开卡车谋取生。
I'm returning you letter as requested. 我按要求给你退信。
6. 表伴随
He sat in the chair reading newspapers. 他坐在椅子上看报。
Don't you sit there doing nothing. 别什么也不干坐在那里。
He came in, followed by his wife. 他走了进来，后面跟着他的妻子。
7. 表结果
He fired, killing one of the passers-by. 他开枪了，打死了一个过路人。
He died, leaving his wife with five children. 他死了，留下他妻子和五个儿子。
It rained and rained, vehicles bogged and bridges washed out. 雨不停地下，车辆陷入泥沼，桥梁被水冲去。
省略句知识点总结：知识点总结
知识点总结
概念：为了避免重复,常常省略句子中的一个或几个成分,这样的句子叫省略句。
1. 简单句中的省略：
(1)Looks like rain.
(2)Hope to hear from you soon.
(3)Sounds like a good idea.
(4)Beg your pardon.
(5)Feeling better today ?
(6)This way, please.
(7)—What does he want to eat ?
—Some rice and vegetables.
(8)Anything I can do for you ?
(9)Sorry to hear that.
(10)Doesn’t matter.
(11)Terrible weather!
(12)Pity you couldn’t come.
2. 并列句中的省略：
在并列句中，相同的成分如主语，谓语，宾语等都可以省略：
(1)They learn French and we English.
(2)My father planned and built all these houses.
(3)John won the first race and Jimmy the second.
(4)Coral is not a plant buta variety of animal life.
英语语法倒装句知识点：让步状语从句倒装用法系统归纳
有这样一道考题：
_________, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.
A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be
C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student
这道题很有一定难度。具体说来，它主要涉及两个考点：一是让步状语从句倒装后的词序问题。让步状语从句之所以要采用倒装结构，主要是为了强调位于句首的名词、形容词、副词、动词等，其词序形式为：被强调的成分+as / though + 主语+动词。二是在倒装的让步状语从句中，位于句首的单数可数名词是否带冠词的问题。按照英语习惯，英语中的单数可数名词在泛指时，一般要有不定冠词的修饰，但是位于倒装让步状语从句句首的单数可数名词是个例外，即使泛指其前也不加不定冠词。由此可知，上面这道考题的答案应为B。
书香门第
