表示某一事物，有具体的和抽象的之分。分为可数名词和不可数名词。
强调：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was;最好不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判断，以免受误导。
1、可数名词如何变复数形式：
a.一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ;读音：清辅音后读[s]，浊辅音和元音后读[z]。
b.以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ;读音：[iz]。
c.以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries ;读音：[z]。
d.以f或fe结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives ，thief-thieves;读音：[z]。
e.以o结尾的词，分两种情况
（1）有生命的`+es 读音：[z] 如：mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes
（2） 无生命的+s 读音：[z] 如：photo-photos radio-radios
f. 不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish,people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
2、不可数名词没有复数。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量，就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上量词+of。例如：a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bottle of juice
判断步骤：
↗如是am、is或was→原形读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看be动词
↘如是are或were→加s或es
练一练：
1、写出下列各词的复数。
I _________ him _________ this _______ her ______ watch _______ mango_______child _______ photo ________ diary ______ day________ foot________ dress ________ tooth_______
sheep ______ box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______ engineer______ peach______
sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ leaf_______ people________
2、用所给名词的正确形式填空。
（1）Are there two ( box ) on the table?
（2）I can see some ( people ) in the cinema.
（3）How many ( day ) are there in a week?
（4）Here’re five ( bottle ) of ( juice ) for you.
（5）This ( violin ) is hers. Those ( grape ) are over there.
书香门第
