高一英语必修一语法知识总结

对于高一的英语学习，我们学生通常要通过大量的、多形式的训练来夯实基础、完善语感、提高语言运用能力。下面是本站小编为大家整理的高一英语必修一知识，希望对大家有用!

(一)陈述句的变化规则

直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that(可省略)引导，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。

人称的变化——人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思

例：1. He said, “ I like it very much.” → He said that he liked it very much.

2. He said to me, “I’v left my book in yourroom.”

→ He told me that he had left his book in my room.

时态的变化

例：

“I don’t want to set down a series of factsin a diary,” said Anne.

→Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series offacts in a diary.

The boy said, “I’m using a knife.”

→ The boy said that he was using a knife.

注意：如果直接引语是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变，如：

He said, “Light travels much faster thansound.”

He said that light travels much faster thansound.

指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化

(二)祈使句的变化规则

如果直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并根据句子意思在不定式前加上tell/ask/order等动词，如果祈使句是否定句，在不定式前面还要加上not。例：

The hostess said to us, “Please sit down.”

→ The hostess asked us to sit down.

He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”

→ He told the boys not to make so much noise.

1. fond of “喜爱，爱好” 接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。例如：

He’s fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。

Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗?

He is fond of his research work. 他喜爱他的研究工作。

2. hunt for = look for寻找

I have found the book I was hunting for.我找到了那本我在找的书。

hunt for a job 找工作

3. in order to, so as to 这两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语, in order to可放于句首, so as to则不能, 其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to. 如:

He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting.

In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们注意他, 他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。

4. care about

1) 喜欢，对……有兴趣 = care for

She doesn’t care about money.她不喜欢钱。

2)关心 = care for

She thinks only of herself. She doesn’t care about other people.

她只考虑自己。她不关心别人。

3)在乎，在意(接从句或不接任何成分)

These young people care nothing about what old people might say.

这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。

5. such as 意为“诸如……”，“像……”，是用来列举人或事物的。

She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.她教三门科目,像物理、化学。

6. drop * 　 a line 留下便条, 写封短信

7、make yourself at home 别客气;随便;无拘束

(1) If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home.

如果你在我之前到我家，自己喝点饮料，随便一点。

8、stay up 不睡;熬夜

(1) I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.

我将回家很晚，不要等我了。

(2) He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.

他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点。

9、come about 引起;发生;产生

(1)How did the accident come about?

这场事故是怎么发生的?

(2) They didn't know how the change had come about.

他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的。

1. leave out

1) 漏掉 You made a mistake—You’ve left out a letter “t”.你出错了—你漏掉了一个字母t.

2) 删掉, 没用 I haven’t changed or left out a thing.我没有作出变动也没有删掉任何东西。

2. stare at (由于好奇、激动等张着嘴巴，睁大眼睛地)凝视，盯着看

Don’t stare at foreigners. It’s impolite.不要盯着外国人看，这样不礼貌。

比较：glare at (to stare angrily at)怒视着

这两个小男孩互相怒视着，随时准备开战。

3. make jokes about 就……说笑

They make jokes about my old hat.他们就我的.旧帽子说笑我。

have a joke with … about…跟某人开关于某事的玩笑。

He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下来跟我开玩笑。

play a joke on…开某人的玩笑

We played jokes on each other. 我们互相开玩笑。

v. joke about 取笑 They joked about my broken English.他们取笑我蹩脚的英。

4. take over 接管;接替;继承

what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。

Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).我们的主席走了，因此杰克将接管(他的工作)。

5. break down

1) 破坏;拆散

Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.

人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。

The peace talks are said to have broken down. (喻)据说和谈破裂了。

2)(机器)损坏 Our truck broke down outside town. 我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。

The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。

3) 失败;破裂 Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见打消了。

4) 精神崩溃;失去控制 He broke down and wept. 他不禁失声痛哭。

5) 起化学变化 Food is broken down by chemicals. 化学物质引起食物转化。

6. get on one’s feet

1)站起来;站起来发言

2)(=stand on one's feet)自立, 经济上独立

3)(人)病好了, 可以起床了; (使)恢复, 复苏(指企业)

7. go through

1) 经历;经受;遭到

These countries have gone / been through too many wars.这些国家饱经战火。

2) 完成;做完 I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大学。

3)通过;批准 The law has gone through Parliament. 议会已经通过了这项法案。

Their plans went through. 他们的计划得到了批准。

4)全面检查;搜查

They went through our luggage at the customs.在海关他们检查了我们的行李。

over 接管;接替;继承

what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。

Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).我们的主席走了，因此杰克将接

管(他的工作)。

9. break down

1) 破坏;拆散

Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.

人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。

The peace talks are said to have broken down. (喻)据说和谈破裂了。

2)(机器)损坏 Our truck broke down outside town. 我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。

The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。

3) 失败;破裂 Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见打消了。

4) 精神崩溃;失去控制 He broke down and wept. 他不禁失声痛哭。