1. 表特指
所谓表特指,就是说此时的what 在用法上大致相当于the。如:
what money i have will be yours when i die. = the money i have will be yours when i die. 我一死我的钱就都给你。
what possessions i have are yours.=the possessions i have are yours. 我的所有的财产都是你的。
2. 表“微量”
有时不仅表特指,而且还表“微量”,即含有“量不多”之意。如果将“特指”和“微量”结合起来,该结构的意思就是“虽不多,但全部”,有时可译为“仅有”。如:
what ideas he has are his wife’s. 他仅有的一点想法都是他妻子的。
what friends she has are out of the country. 她有的那些朋友全在国外。
这类“what+名词”结构并不是总具有“微量性”,即有时有,有时没有。如果要想明确或强化这种微量性特点,我们可以该结构的名词前加上表示微量的修饰语few(用于复数名词前)或little(用于不可数名词前)。如:
what few friends she has are out of the country.=the few friends she has are out of the country. 她仅有的几个朋友都在国外。
what little free time he had was spent with the family.= the little free time he had was spent with the family. 他仅有的一点空余时间都是与家人在一起度过的。
, whom, that一起用
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的`那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
4. Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙,英语语法《关系代词引导的定语从句》。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
h, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等;
例如
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语)
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)