四级翻译练习
after I slapped him on the back_______________________（他才发现我并高兴得叫起来）.
2.I don’t mind your_____________(你延期做出决定)the decision as long as it is not too late.
3. In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives_____________(起着不可缺少的作用) in raising children.
4.I___________________________(毫不费力地)solving this problem.
I __________________(发现他骗我)I stopped buying thins there and started dealing with another shop.
答案及解析：
he notice me and shouted with happiness
本题主要考察only引起的半倒装句。其结构为only+强调内容+助动词+主语+谓语+其它。这里要注意句子中两个并列的动作发生，一个是“发现我”，另一个是“高兴得叫起来”。
2. delaying making
mind作及物动词，后面通常接名词、代词、V-ing形式、复合结构、从句等。delay后接动词时，应该接动词的ing形式。
3. play indispensable roles
play a part/role in 起着……作用，饰演……的角色。
no trouble in
本题主要考察固定结构。”have (no) trouble in doing sth”表示“做...（没）有困难”，该题还要注意时态问题。
5. caught /found him cheating me
find/catch+宾语+宾补，如I found him standing by the river.
四级翻译
1._______________(证据肯定早已被破坏了) completely before the police arrived.
practice of ________________(考试前熬夜学习)will not necessarily work for every student.
ge arrived at the office ahead of time _______________(只为了给老板留下好印象).
resolution that ___________(他调到总部)was approved by General Manager.
didn't like this job _____________(尽管条件比之前的好).
答案解析:
evidence must have already been destroyed
考查被动语态:“证据”是“被破坏”，需要用被动语态。情态动词:must表示肯定的推测，且“证据被破坏”先于the police arrived发生，所以用情态动词的完成时。“证据”的表达为evidence。
ing up studying before an examination
“熬夜”的表达为stay up,“熬夜学习”就是stay up studying。考查动名词用法:空前出现的of是介词，跟在其后的动词词组“熬夜学习”要变成动名词的形式，修饰名词practice。
to make a good impression on his/the boss
“给…留下印象”译作make an impression on…。“印象”之前的修饰语good在翻译时不能遗漏。考查目的状语:“只为了”的表达为only to，其结构为only to do sth.表示目的。
(should)be transferred to headquarter
考查虚拟语气:某些表示建议，请求，命令，主张以及“重要性”，“紧迫性”等概念的名词充当主语时，其后的同位语从句需要用虚拟语气。具体结构为（should）+动词原形。这样的名词有:demand,desire,requirement,advice,recommendation,suggestion,order,proposal和resolution等。“调任”表达为transfer;“总部”表达为headquarter。考查被动语态:他是“被调任”，需要用被动语态。
gh the condition was better than the previous one
考查让步状语从句:在句子中所以用though。考查比较级:“比…好” 用be better than。考查one的用法:句子前面已经提到了job,为了避免重复，用one代替。
四级翻译
1._____________________(尽管他已筋疲力尽)，he still kept on running.
people believe that international tourism _________________________(对经济发展有积极作用) local government should be encouraged to promote it.
my way to the important interview,________________(他所做的就是祝我好运).
to the unexpected changes,______________(这个计划需要修改).
5.________________(遇难者能否在灾难中生还)depends on many uncertain factors.
答案解析:
ough/Though he was exhausted
考查让步状语从句:用Although或Though表示“虽然，尽管”的意思。“筋疲力尽”的表达为be exhausted。
s an active role in economic growth/development // has positive effects on economic growth/development
“有作用”的表达常用play a role或have an effect on 结构。“积极的”常用active和positive，“发展”可用growth或development。
he did was to wish me good luck//what he did was wishing me good luck
考查主语从句:用what引导主语从句。主语的表达:可用不定式或动名词作表语。“祝好运”表达为wish sb good luck.
plan has to be revised/modified
考查被动语态:“计划”与“修改”是被动关系，用be done的`被动结构。修改”的常用表达为revise或modify。
her the victims can survive the disaster
考查主语从句:所需翻译的句子为该句的主语，“能否…”提示从句用Whether引导，注意在主语从句中只能用whether，不能用if。表示“存活，活下来，幸免于难”，用survive，后直接跟宾语，注意此处不能加介词from。只有在表示习惯，习俗，礼仪等沿袭时才用survive from。
四级翻译
1. Many college graduates find it difficult to get an ideal job today _________________(即使他们有学士学位).
2._____________________(与你对公司的贡献相比)，what I have done was unworthy of mentioning.
experts recommend that______________(不应太强调语法的重要性)at the early stage of children's language learning.
r supper she would sit down by the fire,_________________(有时长达一小时).
a lot of assignments in hand,you __________________(不该出席昨晚的闭幕式).
答案解析:
if/though they get Bachelor's degree
考查even if/though 引导的让步状语从句。学士学位的固定表达:Bachelor's degree。
ared with your contribution to the company/In comparison with your contribution to the company
与…相比，可以翻译为 Compared with或In comparison wih,对…的贡献译作contribution to。
rtance shouldn't be attached to grammar too much
recommend表建议，其后面的宾语从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，其形式为(should)+动词原形。“强调…的重要性”表达为attach importance to。“语法”是强调的动作承受者，需要用被动结构。
times for as long as an hour
（时间上）“长达”,用as long as 结构。表示时间段用介词for。
ldn't/oughtn't to have attend the closing ceremony last night
情态动词+have+过去分词结构表示对过去情况的猜测。待译部分隐含“不该做但已经做了”的意味，用shouldn't/oughtn't to have + 过去分词表示。闭幕式用the closing ceremony表达；出席:attend。
四级词汇与语法练习
refused to ___ the door key to the landlady until she got ba ck herdeposit.
A. hand in
out
down
over
2. Physics is the present?day equivalent of ____ used to be called natural philosophy, from ?____? most of present?day science arose.
A. which, what
B. that, which ?
C. what, which
D. what, that?
3. He ___ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful.
A. may have acted
B. must have acted
C. should act
D. would act
4. ____?the center of our planetary system was considered as heresy by the church in the Middle Ages.
A. It is the sun and not the earth ?
B. That the sun and not the earth?
C. Being the sun and not the earth ?
D. The sun and not the earth?
5. The reason that his property was confiscated by the country, it ?____?, was that he was involved in a lot of fraudulent activities during the war.
A. was turned out
B. was being turned out?
C. being turned out
D. turned out?
答案与解析：
1．D
在领回押金前，她拒绝将大门钥匙交给女房东。本题为短语辨析题。hand in意为“递交，上交，提出”；hand out意为“分发，交给，取出”；hand down意为“留传下来，把……传下去”；hand over意为“交出，移交”。根据句意，选项D为正确答案。
2. C
当今的物理就是以前被称之为自然哲学的等同物，大多数现代科学都产生于自然哲学。what used to be called作定语，修饰natural philosophy,from which引导一个非限制性定语从句。
3．A
他过去也许做得不是十分明智，但至少他在努力做一些有益的事情。 本题考查对情态动词及虚拟语气用法的掌握。may + have + 过去分词，表示对过去事情的猜测，may表示不确定，意为“过去也许……”；must表确定性的猜测，用来提示说话人假设某人在过去曾做过某事，说话人对其假设的内容十分肯定，意为“过去一定……”。根据句意，选项A为正确答案。
4. B
太阳系的中心是太阳而不是地球这一事实被中世纪的教会认为是异端邪说。That引导主语从句，全句的谓语是was considered.?
5. D
后来证明他的财产被国家没收的原因是，战争期间他参与了诈骗活动。it turned out (to be)这里作插入语，意为“证明是…”。
四级翻译
1. Althrough her life, this woman applies herself to___________(帮助她女儿康复).
2. It needs the whole team's efforts___________(按原计划实施这项工程).
week in his class,Professor Lee said that _____________________________(月亮绕着地球转).
4._____________________(每次他错过火车),he would go to the nearby bar for beer.
realized her dream of becoming a writer eventually ____________(在历尽艰辛之后).
答案解析:
ing her daughter(to) recover.
"专心做某事“的固定搭配是apply oneself to, to是介词，后面要跟名词性成分，故用名词或动名词。“康复”的表达为recover(from)。"帮助某人做某事"的表达为help sb. (to) do sth或help sb. with sth. 。
implement this project as planned
名词性从句在表达客观规律时，应用一般现在时，此时不要求与主句时态保持一致。“实施”的表达为implement, 也可用carry out.“按原定计划"的表达是as planned.
moon revolves the earth
名词性从句在表达客观规律时，应用一般现在时，此时不要求与主句时态保持一致。旋转的表达为revolve。自然界独一无二事物的名词前面用定冠词修饰，如the earth,the moon。
y time he missed the train
一些表示时间的名词词组，如the moment,last time,next time,every time等可用来引导时间状语从句。错过的表达为miss。从句的动作先于主句，主句用了过去将来时，故从句用一般过去时。
r she went through many hardships
after引导的时间状语从句。历尽艰辛，用go through many hardships表达；也可以用endure many hardships。
书香门第
